Small children from birth - 5 years of age, children easily get sick Due to lower immunity than adults and is the age starts to go to school, so must be close and do activities with other children. If there is a child in a class is sick, they often spread to their roommates. If it was in the olden day's contagious diseases found in children are usually just mild illnesses such as conjunctivitis, scabies, lice, eczema, ringworm. But nowadays there are many more contagious diseases in children that are becoming more severe. To the point of having to be hospitalized frequently, collecting 6 communicable diseases that young children are frequent and must be treated quickly, share here.

Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease. Caused by infection with the influenza virus. It can be divided into 2 major strains, namely influenza A strains, influenza strains B. The illness will begin to appear after infection 1-4 days, with acute high fever, headache, chills, muscle aches, and extreme fatigue. It may experience stuffy nose, sore throat. If ill for a long time, there may be a cough from bronchitis. The symptoms are severe and are ill longer than normal flu. Most patients will heal within 1-2 weeks, but some have severe symptoms due to significant complications. Which may cause death for children under 2 years old is one of the groups at high risk for complications or death.

Treatment is an antiretroviral therapy within 48 hours that begins for 3-5 days. Sick children can spread the influenza virus from 1 day before symptoms and can spread for more than 7 days by contacting them through respiration. From the bacteria that come out to contaminate the air when the patient coughs, sneezes or speaks, including exposure to nasal spray patient saliva. Vaccination against influenza is another way to prevent disease. Even without being able to prevent a hundred percent but can reduce the chance or alleviate the severity of the disease.

2)  RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)

The RSV is a respiratory disease that spreads in children during the rainy season of every year. Causes of lung and respiratory infections. Symptoms appear after exposure to the disease for 4-6 days. If it is older children or adults with a strong immune system and large bronchus symptoms are common colds, such as the stuffy nose, runny nose, dry cough, low fever, sore throat, slight headache. Most of which will disappear within 1 -2 weeks. But in infants, premature babies, young children with low immunity or have heart disease or congenital lung disease, the RSV virus infection will cause more serious illness. Because the RSV virus spreads to the lower respiratory tract and can cause pneumonia or bronchitis with fever. Severe cough shortness of breath/jams, whistling sounds, panting of the muscles in the chest and skin of the baby will dent and green due to lack of oxygen.

There is currently no vaccine to protect against RSV. If the child has suspicious symptoms, it should take to see a doctor which will collect phlegm from the nose to test for the RSV virus. Treatment involves symptomatic treatment such as wiping, taking antipyretics, spraying drugs, knocking lungs, sucking up sputum. The spread of the RSV virus is like other respiratory diseases. It is through sneezing or coughing that produces mist in the air. Through direct contact and through touching the contaminated surface. For example, children touch objects or toys that have already been contaminated and touch their mouth, nose, or eyes. Therefore, often spread easily in school.

3)    Mycoplasma

Micro-plasma is a bacterium that causes upper and lowers respiratory tract infections. Especially in young children causing coughing, sore throat, bronchitis and pneumonia. Most are infected from the community with many people, such as schools, cinemas, shopping malls, etc. The infection takes approximately 1-4 weeks after being infected. The symptoms are like influenza, such as fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, and muscle aches. Should take children to see a doctor if the fever is higher than 38 degrees Celsius, severe cough, rapid breathing, breathing with a dimpled chest muscle ache. Some people have red rashes on the skin. The micro-plasma infection is treated with antibiotics such as macrolides or doxycycline.

4)    Hand, Foot and Mouth

HFMD caused by infection with the Enterovirus virus species that because severe symptoms are Coxsackie A. and Enterovirus 71. The obvious symptoms are blisters in the mouth or in the neck, red rash or blisters on the hands, feet, body or around the anus combined with fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea. Often spread during the rainy season and young children are at risk Because it is transmitted through contact with mucus, saliva, rashes, and clear water blisters.

Currently, there is no medication, especially for the hands, feet, and mouth. Therefore, it is an asymptomatic treatment. Such as wiping the body to reduce fever, use an anesthetic to relieve sore, mouth sores, etc. until the symptoms improve. However, caution should be given to the complications that may occur. Such as complications at the central nervous system such as meningitis, encephalitis, acute limb weakness, etc. And respiratory and circulatory system complications, such as acute pulmonary flooding, acute heart failure, etc.

When finding that the child is hands, feet, mouth, must not go to school and notify the school. Including avoiding taking children to community locations until they are well healed. Must have children wash their hands and avoid putting the hands into the mount to reduce the risk of infection.

5)   Herpangina

Herpangina caused by the Enterovirus infection of the same type as Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, but it is different. Herpangina is simplex symptoms that will have sores only on the mouth, in the soft palate, uvula, tonsils and in the back pharynx Including a fever of up to 39.5-40 degrees Celsius. While the hands, feet, mouth the symptoms will be spread throughout the mouth and rash on the hands and feet, the fever will not be high. Herpangina simplex disease is the same as hand, foot, and mouth disease due to exposure to infected mucus. Therefore, tend to be prevalent in preschoolers who are in used things common toys in school. In the treatment of no specific antiviral medication use symptomatic treatment methods. In general, herpes Zina disease is not severe. Can disappear by itself may need to monitor for complications in children, such as eating food, not breathing, wheezing or seizures should seek medical advice.

6)    Norovirus

Norovirus infection often spreading in the winter. Causing inflammation in the stomach and the symptoms like food venom. Which is severe vomiting, diarrhea, low fever, the incubation period of 12-48 hours. If a small child is sick, they may have severe symptoms causing dehydration. Therefore, should see a doctor immediately to provide a solution of mineral salt or brine and treat according to symptoms. Norovirus Spread through contact with contaminated food and drinking water. Including direct contact with patients or various things that have the virus. Then put his finger in the mouth especially in children. And still communicating through breathing such as breathing near patients who vomit and even though the patient has improved until there are no symptoms. The infection remains in the feces for weeks.

The illness of children is the suffering of the parents. The disease became more severe. Parents do not wait to let their children be near. doctor's hand with hospitalization. Which means subsequent expense bills. And if one year is sick many times, expenses here are increasing exponentially. Getting health insurance for the child Purchase medical insurance coverage Is a way to help reduce the burden of expenses that may occur. Interested in health insurance packages see information 

References:
https://www.honestdocs.co

http://www.cuhc.chula.ac.th/th/archives/87

 http://www.siphhospital.com

 https://med.mahidol.ac.th

http://paolohospital.com

https://health.kapook.com